Kidney Stone – Causes, Symptoms and Treatments!

Kidney Stone – Causes, Symptoms and Treatments that few know. In addition, Kidney Stone , is one of the most painful urological problems and, unfortunately, also one of the most common. Most  kidney stones are eliminated from the body without a doctor’s intervention. Kidney stones that cause lasting symptoms can be treated by a variety of techniques, most of which do not involve surgery.

Causes of Kidney Stone:  It is not always possible to know the cause of Kidney Stone formation . Although it is known that certain foods favor its formation in susceptible people, it appears that no specific food causes kidney stones in non-susceptible people.

There is an implication of a familiar factor in the formation of Renal Stones . People in whom family members have the problem are more likely to also develop “ kidney stones ”. Other factors related to the formation of Renal Stone are infections, biochemical or urinary flow disorders and some systemic metabolic disorders.

Some   calcium -based medications (diuretics and antacids, for example) also seem to increase the chance of “ kidney stones ” forming . Chronic inflammation of the intestine is another factor that can favor the formation of Kidney Stones .

Renal stones are formed by calcium oxalate and their incidence is usually reduced when foods rich in oxalate are avoided, such as spinach , beets , wheat germ, peanuts, chocolate, Indian black tea , sweet potatoes , grapes, celery, peppers, strawberries and liver .

Symptoms of Kidney Stone:  Many patients have stones in their kidneys and do not have any symptoms. If the stone forms inside the kidney and stays there, the patient may be asymptomatic for years. Many people discover kidney stones by chance during an abdominal imaging test , such as an ultrasound or CT scan, ordered for any other reason.

Very small stones, smaller than 3 millimeters (0.3 centimeters), can travel through the entire urinary system and be eliminated in the urine without causing major symptoms. The patient starts to urinate and suddenly notices that a small stone has fallen into the toilet.

The classic symptom of Kidney Stone , called renal colic , arises when a stone measuring at least 4 mm (0.4 cm) becomes impacted somewhere in the ureter (tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder), causing obstruction and dilatation of the kidney. urinary system.

Renal colic is usually excruciating lower back pain, which is often the worst pain the patient has ever had. Renal colic makes the patient restless, moving all the time, looking in vain for a position that will provide relief.

Unlike back pain, which improves with rest and worsens with movement, renal colic hurts intensely, no matter what the patient does. Sometimes the pain is so intense that it is accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Blood in the urine is frequent and occurs due to direct lesion of the stone in the ureter.

Renal colic usually has three stages:

1. The pain starts suddenly and reaches its peak intensity in about 1 or 2 hours.
2. After reaching its apex, renal colic pain remains for another 1 to 4 hours on average, leaving the patient “crazed” with pain.
3. The pain starts to relieve spontaneously and over the course of another 2 hours it tends to disappear. In some unfortunate people, the whole process takes more than 12 hours, if they do not seek medical attention.

If the stone becomes impacted in the lower half of the ureter, renal colic may radiate to the leg, labia majora, or testicles. It is also possible that the stone can pass through the entire ureter, being impacted only in the urethra, which is the smallest diameter point in the urinary system.

In this case, the pain occurs in the pelvic region and is accompanied by burning sensation when urinating. Often the patient can recognize that there is a stone in his urethra, on the verge of coming out.

Kidney Stone Treatment:  The type of treatment to be applied to the patient will depend on the size and location of the stone and the symptoms presented. When the stones are small and do not show many symptoms, the patient will not need to undergo very invasive procedures. In these cases, the doctor may indicate some measures that help in recovery:

• Drinking lots of water (two to three liters a day) helps to eliminate stones through urine
• Painkillers for pain caused by kidney stones are also an option .
• However, when the stones are large and cause stronger symptoms in the patient, treatment must be differentiated. Larger stones cannot be expelled
• On their own, they can cause bleeding, more serious kidney damage, and urinary tract infections . For these cases, more invasive procedures should be used, such as:

Extracorporeal electrohydraulic shock wave lithotripsy. This type of treatment consists of creating strong vibrations to break the stones and facilitate excretion.

Percutaneous Tracheostomy:  It consists of the surgical removal of larger stones through a small cut made in the patient’s back Urethroscopy. The doctor will insert a very thin tube through the patient’s urethra to remove stones from the urinary tract.

Parathyroid Gland Surgery:  A change in the parathyroid glands, located close to the thyroid, causes it to increase calcium levels in the body, which can cause kidney stones . Surgery on these glands may be the solution to regulating hormone production.