The 9 Common Diseases That Can Affect the Eyes
The Common Diseases That Can Affect the Eyes that we should know about. In addition, the human visual system is considered one of the five most important senses, since through it man sees and understands the various stimuli present in the environment. The stimuli captured by the retina are processed by the brain, generating representations of the visualized images.
The eyes, thus, make our survival possible, that is, making us defend ourselves, in addition to developing our thinking, how we see the world and how to communicate with it.
However, eye problems can disrupt this information processing and sometimes even permanently damage it. In this way, it is necessary that the symptoms are not ignored and that regular visits to the ophthalmologist are carried out to diagnose possible diseases or prevent them, in addition to treating them. So, check out The 9 Common Diseases That Can Affect the Eyes.
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Astigmatism: Astigmatism is one of the common diseases that can affect the eyes. In addition, it is an uneven curvature of the cornea or lens, where light does not focus correctly on the retina, leading to a distorted, blurry and blurry image. It is usually a hereditary problem affected when the eyes form, and the person may have only astigmatism or have it associated with another vision problem (for example, having astigmatism and also myopia).
Myopia: Myopia is also one of the common diseases that can affect the eyes. It is considered a hereditary disease, but it can also occur when you strain your eyes too much to see things nearby (such as a computer, watching TV, etc), in which the eyeball is compressed or occurs from the increase in curvature of the cornea or lens. Thus, as the light does not reach the retina correctly, the images form before it. The person starts to see very closely, but from a distance sees everything blurry.
Farsightedness: Another of the common diseases that can affect the eyes is farsightedness. In addition, hyperopia is the opposite of myopia, that is, the person sees blurry up close, but from a distance sees clearly. It is considered a genetic disease, but it also occurs in cases of childhood strabismus. Changes in the shape of the cornea or lens and shorter eyeball length are also causes of this problem, where the image forms after the retina.
Strabismus: Strabismus is characterized by misaligned eyes, for example, to opposite sides, out or in, or one eye up and the other down, being considered one of the common diseases that can affect the eyes . Thus, the person does not visualize in an oriented way, since the eyes are not pointed to the same point of view, interpreting only the image captured by one of the eyes, while the other eye is discarded. Its causes are influenced by hereditary factors, trauma or premature birth.
Color blindness: Color blindness is one of the most well-known diseases that can affect the eyes. Having the scientific name “dyschromatopsia”, color blindness is a hereditary problem, that is, it is genetic, transmitted by women through the X chromosome and considered a change in color vision, usually in the visualization of red, green and blue.
Cataract: Cataract is one of thediseases that can affect the eyes. It is the opacity of the lens (membrane that precedes the iris, where images are focused on the retina), that is, there is a loss of transparency, leaving it opaque and the eye with a whitish color. If not treated correctly, vision can be totally compromised, leading to blindness, that is, with proper treatment, this condition can be reversed. It can occur due to: genetic factors, vision degeneration due to old age, metabolic diseases, chronic use of corticosteroids, alcoholism, diabetes , smoking or trauma.
Glaucoma: Among thethe eyes , glaucoma is considered the most dangerous. In addition, glaucoma is a degeneration of the optic nerve and loss of retinal cells, caused by increased eye pressure, which can lead to sudden blindness (acute glaucoma) or loss of peripheral vision (chronic glaucoma). Among the clearest causes that lead to this problem are increased fluid that fills the inside of the eyes, genetic predisposition and age between 40 and 60 years. If untreated, irreversible blindness can occur.
Retinal Detachment: Another of the diseases that can affect the eyes is retinal detachment. In addition, the inner part of the eyes is lined with a thin membrane, which is the retina. Its detachment occurs when it detaches from the posterior region of the eyeball, impairing vision. It must be treated immediately to regain sight. The risk factors that lead to this problem are: eye trauma, being over 40 years old, myopia, glaucoma or cataract , having a family history of retinal detachment.
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Diabetic Retinopathy: This is another one of the diseases that can affect the eyes. When diabetes is out of control , blood vessels in the retina are affected, which is why it is called diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic patients should undergo the retinal mapping exam every year precisely to prevent this problem, in addition to others that may exist (such as glaucoma, cataracts, ocular deviations and infections). If not treated correctly, diabetic retinopathy can lead to irreversible blindness.